## Domains and Descriptors
| Domain | Key Behaviours | Maturity Levels (1–4) |
| ------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| **Analytical Reasoning** | Breaks problems into parts; identifies cause/effect; detects patterns | 1 = Struggles to structure; 4 = Models reasoning for others |
| **Evaluative Judgement** | Tests credibility of evidence; challenges weak logic; weighs trade-offs | 1 = Accepts surface claims; 4 = Challenges and refines team decisions |
| **Contextual Thinking** | Considers broader systems, culture, long-term impact | 1 = Stays narrow; 4 = Consistently connects dots across contexts |
| **Reflective Awareness** | Notices bias, gaps in knowledge, and reasoning errors; adapts reasoning accordingly | 1 = Deflects or blames; 4 = Demonstrates learning agility |
| **Constructive Challenge** | Asks probing questions, critiques without undermining, resists groupthink | 1 = Avoids tension; 4 = Shapes group dialogue with questions |
| **Ethical and Value-Based Reasoning** | Considers fairness, unintended consequences, and value trade-offs | 1 = Ignores ethical implications; 4 = Integrates values into judgement |
| | | |
## Usage
- **Individuals**: Self-assess using the maturity levels, then identify 1–2 domains to develop.
- **Teams**: Use a team-wide version in retrospectives or performance reviews.
- **Managers**: Use as a coaching prompt or embedded in competency models.
## Practical Exercises for Developing Critical Thinking in Teams
### A. Scenario Scramble (30 mins)
**Purpose**: Challenge assumptions, encourage multiple interpretations
**Instructions**:
1. Present a realistic but ambiguous work scenario (e.g. “Sales are down this quarter”).
2. Ask teams to list as many **possible causes** as they can — no judgment.
3. Group the causes into categories: structural, behavioural, environmental, etc.
4. Discuss: What assumptions were we making at first? What did we overlook?
**Skill focus**: Analytical reasoning, contextual thinking
### B. Assumption Busting (45 mins)
**Purpose**: Uncover hidden assumptions and improve problem framing
**Instructions**:
1. Take a recent decision or plan (real or simulated).
2. Ask the team: What are the assumptions behind this?
3. Probe: What if those assumptions are false or incomplete?
4. Explore how the plan would change with new assumptions.
**Skill focus**: Evaluative judgement, reflective awareness
### C. Devil’s Advocate Debate (30 mins)
**Purpose**: Promote constructive challenge and structured reasoning
**Instructions**:
1. Select a team proposal or common belief.
2. Assign one person (or group) to take the opposing view — even if they disagree.
3. Run a structured 5-minute debate.
4. Debrief: What did we learn by hearing the other side?
**Skill focus**: Constructive challenge, ethical reasoning
### D. Judgement Calibration (60 mins)
**Purpose**: Improve confidence estimation and error awareness
**Instructions**:
1. Give participants a set of prediction or estimation questions (e.g. “What % of customers churn in year one?”).
2. Ask them to give a confidence range (e.g. “Between 10–15%”).
3. Reveal actual answers and compare accuracy vs confidence.
4. Discuss: When were we overconfident? Underconfident?
**Skill focus**: Evaluative judgement, reflective awareness
### E. Critical Incident Reflection (20 mins)
**Purpose**: Build reflective practice and learning habits
**Instructions**:
1. Ask each person to recall a recent mistake, surprise, or unexpected outcome.
2. Reflect using 3 questions:
- What was my reasoning at the time?
- What didn’t I notice or consider?
- What would I do differently now?
**Skill focus**: Reflective awareness, analytical thinking